Learning Centre

Understand your condition & your treatment options

Clear, evidence-based guides to the conditions I treat and the ultrasound-guided procedures I use, written to help you make an informed decision about your care. New articles are added regularly.

Latest article

New article

Meniscal tears: why surgery is usually not needed

A torn meniscus rarely means an operation. What the latest 10-year evidence shows, why rehabilitation comes first, and how an ultrasound-guided injection can help you get moving again.

Read the article →
Middle-aged and older adults jogging outdoors, staying active after a knee problem

Explore by condition

Shoulder

Rotator cuff tear: do you need surgery?

A tear on a scan is not automatically the cause of your pain, and rarely means an operation. Why MRI findings are so common even without pain, and when rehabilitation or an injection helps.

Read more →
Women's health

Menopause, joint pain & musculoskeletal health

Muscle and joint pain become more common around menopause, but it isn't automatically the cause of every ache. What's really going on, and what genuinely helps.

Read more →
Diagnosis

MSK assessment & ultrasound scan

What happens at a first appointment, how a real-time scan pinpoints the cause of your pain and gives you a clear plan in one visit.

Read more →
Shoulder

Frozen shoulder & hydrodistension

Why the shoulder stiffens, how long it really lasts, and how an ultrasound-guided hydrodistension can speed up recovery.

Read more →
Shoulder

Calcific tendonitis & barbotage

Calcium deposits in a shoulder tendon can cause intense pain. The treatment options, the evidence, and realistic expectations.

Read more →
Hand & wrist

Trigger finger & trigger thumb

Why a finger clicks, catches or locks, and how injection or minimally invasive release settles it, usually without surgery.

Read more →
Hand & wrist

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Tingling, numbness and night-time pain in the hand, how ultrasound confirms the diagnosis and guides accurate treatment.

Read more →
Spine & pelvis

Coccydynia (tailbone pain)

When sitting becomes a daily battle, the causes, the evidence, and a stepwise pathway from self-care to targeted injection.

Read more →
Spine & pelvis

Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain

A tricky cause of low-back and buttock pain, how careful assessment and a targeted, ultrasound-guided injection can both treat it and help confirm the diagnosis.

Read more →
Foot & ankle

Plantar fasciitis & heel pain

The most common cause of heel pain, what actually helps, what doesn't, and when a guided injection is worth considering.

Read more →
Foot & ankle

Hallux rigidus (big toe arthritis)

Pain and stiffness at the base of the big toe, how to tell it apart from gout and bunions, and what actually helps: footwear, injections and, for advanced cases, surgery.

Read more →
Foot & ankle

Achilles tendinopathy (Achilles tendonitis)

Pain at the back of the ankle, why loading beats rest, and the honest evidence on high-volume and steroid injections, shockwave and PRP.

Read more →
Knee

Arthrosamid® for knee arthritis

A long-lasting, non-surgical hydrogel injection for knee osteoarthritis, how it works and who it suits.

Read more →
Hip

Hip osteoarthritis

What the evidence really shows, exercise, sensible pain relief, injections (steroid, HA and PRP compared honestly) and when a hip replacement is the answer.

Read more →
Knee

Knee osteoarthritis

What actually works, exercise and weight management first, then ultrasound-guided injections (steroid, hyaluronic acid, PRP and Arthrosamid® compared honestly) and when to consider a knee replacement.

Read more →
Knee

Baker's cyst (popliteal cyst)

When a swelling behind the knee is worth draining, how often it comes back, why the underlying knee matters, and how ultrasound rules out a DVT and other mimics.

Read more →
Hip

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS)

"Hip bursitis" is usually more about the gluteal tendons, why that changes the treatment, and what the evidence really supports (exercise first, then injection or shockwave).

Read more →

More guides and articles are on the way. Is there a topic you'd like me to cover? Get in touch.

Not sure what you need?

Book a comprehensive assessment and ultrasound scan, I'll give you a clear diagnosis and a treatment plan in a single visit, no referral required.

Book your assessment